What type of containers are required for the transport or shipment of specimens by federal regulation?

The correct answer is that specimens must be transported or shipped in watertight containers, as required by federal regulations. This is crucial for ensuring safety and preventing contamination during transport. Watertight containers are designed to contain any potential leaks or spills, thus protecting both the specimen and the handlers from exposure to potentially hazardous materials. These containers help maintain the integrity of the specimens by preventing evaporation or contamination from external sources.

In contrast, lightweight bags, while convenient for certain uses, do not provide the necessary protection against spills or leaks, potentially compromising sample integrity. Plastic bins and cardboard boxes, although they can offer structural support and organization, might not meet the essential criteria for preserving specimen viability or preventing leakage in the event of a breakage. Watertight containers are therefore the mandated standard, ensuring compliance with safety protocols during the handling and transport of biological specimens.